Dadaist sculptor jean

Jean Arp

German-French sculptor and poet (–)

Jean Arp

Photograph of Jean Arp, published in De Stijl, vol. 7, nr.

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Born

Hans Peter Wilhelm Arp


()16 September

Strasbourg, Alsace-Lorraine, German Empire

Died7 June () (aged&#;79)

Basel, Switzerland

NationalityGerman
EducationAcadémie Julian
Known&#;forSculpture, painting
MovementAbstraction-Création, Surrealism, Dada
Spouses

Hans Peter Wilhelm Arp (16 September – 7 June ), better known as Jean Arp in English, was a German-French sculptor, painter and poet.

He was known as a Dadaist and an abstract artist.

Early life

Arp was born Hans Peter Wilhelm Arp to a French mother and a German father in Strasbourg during the period between the Franco-Prussian War and World War I, when the city and surrounding region was under control of the German Empire.

Following the return of Alsace to France at the end of World War I, French law required Arp to adopt a French name, and he legally became Jean Arp, although he continued referring to himself as "Hans" when he spoke German.[1]

Career

Dada

In , after leaving the École des Arts et Métiers in Strasbourg, he went to Paris where he published his poetry for the first time.

Max ernst Done Reset. However, if we look carefully at this composition, what are the "chances" that pieces of paper would fall this way? The s were an extraordinarily prolific period for Arp, who was at the height of his creative powers during this decade. Postmodernism - Defined.

From to , he studied at the Weimarer Kunstschule in Germany, where he met his uncle, German landscape painter Carl Arp. In he returned to Paris, where he attended the Académie Julian. Arp was a founder-member of the first modern art alliance in Switzerland Moderne Bund in Lucerne in ,[2] participating in their exhibitions from to [3]

In he went to Munich and called on Wassily Kandinsky, the influential Russian painter and art theorist.

Arp was encouraged by him in his researches and exhibited with the Der Blaue Reiter group.[4] Later that year, he took part in a major exhibition in Zürich, along with Henri Matisse, Robert Delaunay, and Kandinsky.[4] In Berlin in , he was taken up by Herwarth Walden, the dealer and magazine editor who was at that time one of the most powerful figures in the European avant-garde.[4]

In he moved to Switzerland to take advantage of Swiss neutrality.

Arp later told the story of how, when he was notified to report to the German consulate in Zürich,[5] he pretended to be mentally ill in order to avoid being drafted into the German Army: after crossing himself whenever he saw a portrait of Paul von Hindenburg,[4] Arp was given paperwork on which he was told to write his date of birth on the first blank line.

Accordingly, he wrote "16/9/87"; he then wrote "16/9/87" on every other line as well,[5] then drew one final line beneath them and, "without worrying too much about accuracy", calculated their sum.[6]Hans Richter, describing this story, noted that "they [the German authorities] believed him."[5]

It was at an exhibition that year where he first met the artist Sophie Taeuber who was to become his collaborator in the production of works of art and a significant influence on his artistic style and working method.[7] They married on 20 October [8]

In Hugo Ball opened the Cabaret Voltaire, which was to become the centre of Dada activities in Zürich for a group that included Arp, Marcel Janco, Tristan Tzara, and others.[9] In , as Hans Arp, along with Max Ernst and the social activist Alfred Grünwald, he set up the Cologne Dada group.

In his work also appeared in the first exhibition of the Surrealist group at the Galérie Pierre in Paris.[1]

The Henri Bergson Influence

In Arp moved to the Paris suburb of Meudon. In he broke with the Surrealist movement to found Abstraction-Création, working with the Paris-based group Abstraction-Création and the periodical, Transition.

Beginning in the s the artist expanded his efforts from collage, assemblage (Trousse d'un Da, [10]) and bas-relief to include bronze and stone sculptures.[11] He produced several small works made of multiple elements that the viewer could pick up, separate, and rearrange into new configurations.[12]

Throughout the s and until the end of his life, he wrote and published essays and poetry.

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    • In he fled from his home in Meudon to escape German occupation and lived in Zürich until the war ended.

    Material Success

    Arp visited New York City in for a solo exhibition at the Buchholz Gallery, and this coincided with a general international recognition of his work. In he was invited to execute a relief for the Harvard University Graduate Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and would also be commissioned to do a mural at the UNESCO building in Paris.

    Arthur and Madeleine Lewja, of Galerie Chalette, who had known Arp in Europe, became his gallery representatives in New York in the late s, and were instrumental in establishing his reputation on the American side of the Atlantic.[13]

    In , a retrospective of Arp's work was held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, followed by an exhibition at the Musée National d'Art Moderne in Paris in In , the Metropolitan Museum of Art showcased Jean Arp's work from the Lejwa's collection and a few works lent by Arp's widow, Marguerite Arp.

    The exhibition was expanded and traveled as "Arp –," first exhibited at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum and then shown in seven museums in the United States and six in Australia.[14] Organized by the Minneapolis Institute of Arts and the Wurttembergischer Kunstverein of Stuttgart, a piece exhibition titled "The Universe of Jean Arp" concluded an international six-city tour at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art in [15]

    Exhibitions

    Group

    Solo

    • Jean Arp, (, January 18 – February 12) Buchholz Gallery, New York[16]
    • Jean Arp: A Retrospective (, Oct 8 – Nov 30) MOMA, New York[17]
    • Jean Arp () Galerie Chalette, New York
    • Sculpture, Reliefs, Works on Paper: Jean Arp () Galerie Chalette, New York
    • Jean Arp: A Retrospective () Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris

    Posthumous

    Recognition

    Arp's career was distinguished with many awards including the Grand Prize for sculpture at the Venice Biennale, a sculpture prizes at the Pittsburgh International, the Grand Prix National des Arts, the Carnegie Prize, the Goethe Prize from the University of Hamburg, and then the Order of Merit with a Star of the German Republic.[19]

    Personal life and death

    Arp and his first wife, the Swiss artist Sophie Taeuber-Arp, became French nationals in [3] In the s they bought a piece of land in Clamart and built a house at the edge of a forest.

    Influenced by the Bauhaus, Le Corbusier and Charlotte Perriand, Taeuber designed it.[20] She died in in Zürich, where they had moved to escape the German occupation of France, from accidental carbon monoxide poisoning. After living in Zürich, Arp was to make Meudon his primary residence again in [21]

    In Arp married the collector Marguerite Hagenbach (–), his long-time companion.[22] He died in , in Basel, Switzerland.

    Legacy

    There are three Arp foundations in Europe: The Fondation Arp in Clamart preserves the atelier where Arp lived and worked for most of his life; about 2, visitors tour the house each year.

    Jean hans arp artwork for sale Hans Richter. Find Styles Modernism 2 Modern movement 1. He was known as a Dadaist and an abstract artist. De Stijl.

    The Fondazione Marguerite Arp-Hagenbach in Locarno, Switzerland, was founded by Arp's second wife, Marguerite Arp-Hagenbach.[20] A foundation dedicated to Arp, named Stiftung Hans Arp und Sophie Taeuber-Arp e.V., was established in by the dealer Johannes Wasmuth in consultation with Marguerite Arp-Hagenbach and owns the largest collection of works by Arp and holds the of all his works.

    It has research centre and office in Berlin, and an office in Rolandseck, Germany.[23]

    The Musée d'art moderne et contemporain of Strasbourg houses many of his paintings and sculptures.

    Quotes

    "Art is a fruit that grows in man like a fruit on a plant or a child in its mother's womb."—Hans (Jean) Arp, c[24]

    Gallery

    Early work, Dada-influenced

    • A wall painting made in Zürich in

    • Reproduced in , No.

      8, Zürich, February

    • Print for the cover of Dada 4,

    • Stained glass windows in the Aubette,

    • , Shirt Front and Fork, wood

    • Configuration, , wood

    Mid-century

    • , Impish Fruit, wood

    • , Cloud-shepherd / Berger de nuages, bronze

    • –53, Tree of Shells, bronze

    • , Evocation of a Form: Human, Lunar, Spectral, bronze

    • , Feuille se reposant, bronze

    • , Wolkenschale (EN: "Cloud Shell"), stone

    Late (and posthumous) work in bronze and stainless steel

    • , Schlüssel des Stundenschlägers, bronze

    • c.&#;–, Moving Dance Jewelry, bronze

    • , On the Threshold of Jerusalem, Stainless Steel, Meir Sherman Garden, Jerusalem

    • , Schlüssel des Stundenschlägers, bronze, Mainz, Germany

    • , Oriform, stainless steel, Hirshorn Museum, Washington

    • Memorial to Hans Arp, Sophie Taeuber-Arp and Marguerite Arp-Hagenbach, bronze on granite, Locarno, Switzerland

    References

    1. ^ abRobertson, Eric ().

      Arp: Painter, Poet, Sculptor. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    2. ^"Hans Arp". Retrieved 18 August
    3. ^ abJean ArpMuseum of Modern Art, New York
    4. ^ abcdRussell, John (10 August ).

      "Jean Arp – A Pioneer Worthy of Honor".

      Jean hans arp biography: This is perhaps his greatest contribution, inspiring numerous movements, including Dada in which chance generated an aesthetic of chaos Surrealism in which chance was a means for exploring the unconscious and Abstract Expressionism in which chance became a mode of gestural expression. Rooted in Arp's lifelong fascination with the physiological processes of growth and death, the work's title strongly suggests some sort of landscape, but evokes multiple associations that shift as one looks at the work. A firm believer in purely abstract art, Arp was interested in alluding to forms in nature without actually depicting them. Gallery actions Image actions.

      The New York Times.

    5. ^ abcHans Richter", quoted in Dada XYZ, ; archived in the Dada Painters & Poets: Anthology (2nd edition, ), edited by Robert Motherwell
    6. ^"Hans Arp", by André Breton, in Anthology of Black Humor; originally published
    7. ^Carolyn Lanchner, Sophie Taeuber-Arp (New York: Museum of Modern Art, ) 9f
    8. ^Carolyn Lanchner, Sophie Taeuber-Arp (New York: Museum of Modern Art, ) 20
    9. ^Jean Arp, Guggenheim Museum
    10. ^Trousse d'un Da(da), , MNAM, Paris
    11. ^Michael Kimmelman (4 May ), The Power of Whimsy: Jean Arp's Later WorkThe New York Times.
    12. ^Jean Arp, Head and Shell (Tête et coquille) (ca.

      )Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York.

    13. ^Galerie Chalette records, – Artist's Files, –, Archives of American Art, The Smithsonian, Washington, DC
    14. ^Galerie Chalette records, – Historical Note, Archives of American Art, The Smithsonian, Washington, DC
    15. ^Zan Dubin (27 December ), Arp Retrospective in S.F.Los Angeles Times.
    16. ^Arp, Hans; Cathelin, Jean ().

      Jean Arp: January February 12, , Buchholz Gallery, Curt Valentin, New York. Buchholz Gallery, Curt Valentin.

    17. ^"Jean Arp: A Retrospective | MoMA".

      Jean hans arp artwork images Los Angeles Times. Useful Resources. Content compiled and written by Stephanie Buhmann. Arp was encouraged by him in his researches and exhibited with the Der Blaue Reiter group.

      The Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved 11 January

    18. ^"The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation". The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation. Retrieved 11 January
    19. ^Jean ArpNational Gallery of Canada, Ottawa.
    20. ^ abSaskia De Rothschild (14 February ), Glimpses of Jean Arp's WorldThe New York Times.
    21. ^Jean ArpArchived 20 February at the Wayback MachineSolomon R.

      Guggenheim Museum, New York.

    22. ^"Hans (Jean) Arp".

    23. Jean arp surrealism artworks
    24. Where did jean arp live
    25. Jean arp sculpture
    26. Jean arp dada artworks

      27. National Gallery of Art. Archived from the original on 12 July Retrieved 12 July

    27. ^Gareth Harris (12 September ), Shake up at Arp foundationArchived 20 September at the Wayback MachineThe Art Newspaper.
    28. ^"Jean (Hans) Arp. Bell and Navels. | MoMA". The Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved 11 January

    Further reading

    External links